What is TSN?
Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) is a new generation of network technology based on the evolution of standard Ethernet architecture.It is a data link layer protocol specification based on the traditional Ethernet network that provides deterministic data transmission capabilities through mechanisms such as clock synchronization, data scheduling, and network configuration.
Compared with traditional Ethernet, TSN can realize microsecond certainty of service, reduce the complexity of the entire communication network, and realize the convergence of information technology (IT) and operation technology (OT), with both performance and cost advantages, which is the future development trend of the network.
Development TrendsCurrent Status of Automotive Communication Networks
Automotive buses took shape in the early 1980s, and there were at most more than 40 types of buses. After a long period of practical application tests, the more common automotive networks on the market today are CAN, LIN, FlexRay, MOST and LVDS, etc. Except for LVDS, the others are specially designed for the automotive industry.Currently the main contradiction: With the increase in the degree of automobile intelligence, the amount of electronic and electrical appliances used in vehicles is increasing, and the traditional network wiring can no longer meet the demand for data transmission of the upsurge.In the traditional automotive network, the controllers are mainly connected by hard wires, which leads to a large number of nodes in the traditional automotive wiring, coupled with the limitations of bandwidth and delay of the traditional bus, it is difficult to satisfy the needs of the future intelligent era of network.Solution Development Trends:In the future, the further increase in automotive electronics will drive car manufacturers to adopt Ethernet as a network solution. Automotive Ethernet is based on the Ethernet protocol for civilian use, with changes in the electrical characteristics of the physical interface, and customized with some new standards to meet the needs of automotive networks. With the advantages of large bandwidth and low latency, automotive Ethernet is the core technology to meet the demand of automatic driving computing power and data transmission, and can satisfy the automotive industry's requirements for high reliability, low electromagnetic radiation, low power consumption, bandwidth allocation, low latency, and synchronization in real time.
Network communication needs in the era of automobile intelligence are mainly manifested by
1. Sharp increase in data transmission volume. According to the estimation of Northlink, the amount of data generated by a self-driving car every hour is expected to be as high as 4TB, and it is difficult for the traditional automobile network structure to meet the data transmission demand of the automobile in the era of self-driving.
2. Improvement of time-efficiency requirements. The automatic driving system has upgraded from simple data transmission to real-time and efficient processing, and in addition, the automatic driving system has higher requirements for time synchronization of data, which cannot be met by the traditional automotive network.
3. Highly automated driving for safety and security. The automatic driving system has a very low tolerance for network congestion and delay. From the perspective of safety, setting up sufficient redundant networks is also a necessary requirement for automated driving in the era of automobile intelligence.
4. Network security. Since the new generation of intelligent vehicles will be connected to the Internet, it is necessary to consider the threat of network attacks on the safety of automobile driving.At this point in time, it appears that TSN will be the best solution to address the above needs with necessity.
There are already solutions in mass production in the industry
1. Marvell introduced the 88Q5050 automotive Ethernet switching chip.
2, Broadcom launched the BCM5316x series of switching chips, the main target market is unmanned vehicles, unmanned machines, robots and L3 level of unmanned driving.
3, Ideal L9 is equipped with TSN Ethernet protocol stack.In conclusion, the increase in the level of automated driving will inevitably put forward higher requirements for network certainty and low latency, communication protocol unification, and security, which greatly stimulates the demand for TSNs.
Market Space
根據億歐數據預測，2022-2025 中國汽車銷量分別達到2750/2833/2917/3005 萬輛，其中L2以上自動駕駛滲透率有望分別達到25%/30%/34%/37%，2023-2025年L3 自動駕駛滲透率為1%/3%15%。
Based on the assumptions of the Merchants:
1. Considering that automotive Ethernet and TSN are still in the early stage of development, it is assumed that the penetration rate of TSN in L2 is 2%/5%/10%/18%/25% in 2021-2025.
2、考慮到L3自動駕駛的EEA結構多采用更先進的域控制結構以及對TSN所具備的同一網路數據傳輸、確定性延遲以及網路安全等功能具有更加迫切的需求，因此假設L3及以上自動駕駛汽車中TSN 滲透率分別為10%120%/40%/60%/70%。 3、Based on a straw poll of current TSN bike values of about $120.In the future, with the expansion of TSN applications, the scale effect is expected to be released to reduce the cost of 3. However, considering the advancement of automated driving technology and the gradual reduction of human intervention in driving, we believe that the use of bicycles for TSN will gradually increase, and therefore assume that the value of bicycles for TSN will increase by approximately 10% per year.The TSN market space is projected to reach an estimated USD 670 million by 2025, at a CAGR of 177%.
Major International Manufacturers
Marvell:It produces the 88Q5050, which supports up to Gigabit Ethernet and is primarily used in the Pegasus, the NVIDIA self-driving flagship.
NXP:The SJA1105TEL product, with a relatively small size of 2mm*12mm, is used in the field of automated driving, which requires multiple chips to be used simultaneously. For example, NXP's BlueBox, a development platform for unmanned driving, uses three of these chips.
Broadcom:The products support bandwidths up to 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) and have the widest range of interfaces, but are relatively power-efficient and expensive.
source from. Question time
